In wired communication, space-division multiplexing, also known as space-division multiple access (SDMA) is the use of separate point-to-point electrical conductors for each transmitted channel. Main article: Space-division multiple access In wireless communications, multiplexing can also be accomplished through alternating polarization ( horizontal/ vertical or clockwise/ counterclockwise) on each adjacent channel and satellite, or through phased multi-antenna array combined with a multiple-input multiple-output communications (MIMO) scheme. This is an asynchronous mode time-domain multiplexing which is a form of time-division multiplexing.ĭigital bit streams can be transferred over an analog channel by means of code-division multiplexing techniques such as frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) and direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS). Multiple variable bit rate digital bit streams may be transferred efficiently over a single fixed bandwidth channel by means of statistical multiplexing. In computing, I/O multiplexing can also be used to refer to the concept of processing multiple input/output events from a single event loop, with system calls like poll and select (Unix).
Inverse multiplexing (IMUX) has the opposite aim as multiplexing, namely to break one data stream into several streams, transfer them simultaneously over several communication channels, and recreate the original data stream. A reverse process, known as demultiplexing, extracts the original channels on the receiver end.Ī device that performs the multiplexing is called a multiplexer (MUX), and a device that performs the reverse process is called a demultiplexer (DEMUX or DMX). The multiplexing divides the capacity of the communication channel into several logical channels, one for each message signal or data stream to be transferred. The multiplexed signal is transmitted over a communication channel such as a cable. In telephony, George Owen Squier is credited with the development of telephone carrier multiplexing in 1910. Multiplexing originated in telegraphy in the 1870s, and is now widely applied in communications. For example, in telecommunications, several telephone calls may be carried using one wire. The aim is to share a scarce resource - a physical transmission medium. In telecommunications and computer networking, multiplexing (sometimes contracted to muxing) is a method by which multiple analog or digital signals are combined into one signal over a shared medium. Multiple low data rate signals are multiplexed over a single high data rate link, then demultiplexed at the other end
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